Browsing by Author "Johnston, Marie"

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Achieving Integrated Self-Directed Cancer Aftercare (ASICA) for melanoma : How a digital intervention to support total skin self-examination was used by people treated for cutaneous melanoma
(2021-11-13) Reilly, Felicity; Constable, Lynda; Brant, William; Rahman, Kazi; Durrani, Amer; Burrows, Nigel; Proby, Charlotte; Allan, Julia; Johnston, Marie; Johnston, Derek; Walter, Fiona; Murchie, Peter; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Centre for Evaluation; University of Aberdeen.Medical Education; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Psychology; University of Aberdeen.Centre for Health Data Science; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences
Achieving Self-Directed Integrated Cancer Aftercare (ASICA) in melanoma : Protocol for a randomised patient-focused pilot trial of delivering the ASICA intervention as a means to earlier detection of recurrent and second primary melanoma
(2019-06-03) Murchie, Peter; Masthoff, Judith; Walter, Fiona M.; Rahman, Kazi; Allan, Julia L.; Burrows, Nigel; Proby, Charlotte; Lee, Amanda J.; Johnston, Marie; Durrani, Amer; Depasquale, Ivan; Brant, Billy; Neilson, Aileen; Meredith, Fiona; Treweek, Shaun P.; Hall, Susan J.; McDonald, Alison M.; University of Aberdeen.Grampian Data Safe Haven (DaSH); University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Computing Science; University of Aberdeen.Medical Education; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Health Psychology Group; University of Aberdeen.Medical Statistics; University of Aberdeen.Applied Medicine; University of Aberdeen.Health Economics Research Unit; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Centre for Evaluation
The Achieving Self-directed Integrated Cancer Aftercare Intervention for Detection of Recurrent and Second Primary Melanoma in Survivors of Melanoma : Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
(2022-09-08) Murchie, Peter; Constable, Lynda; Hall, Susan; Brant, William; Allan, Julia; Johnston, Marie; Masthoff, Judith; Lee, Amanda; Treweek, Shaun; Ayansina, Dolapo; Proby, Charlotte; Rahman, Kaz; Walter, Fiona; Burrows, Nigel; Durrani, Amer; Maclennan, Graeme; University of Aberdeen.Centre for Health Data Science; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Centre for Evaluation; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Health Psychology Group; University of Aberdeen.Computing Science; University of Aberdeen.Medical Statistics
“All sorts of colours of emotions” : Ambulance call-handlers’ perceptions of the barriers to CPR in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
(2025-03) Farquharson, Barbara; Johnston, Marie; O'Brien, Rosaleen; Clegg, Gareth; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Health Psychology Group; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences
Analysing motivation to do medicine cross-culturally : The international motivation to do medicine scale
(2009-04) Pastor, Maria-Angeles; Lopez-Roig, Sofia; Sanchez, Salvador; Hart, Jo; Johnston, Marie; Dixon, Diane; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Psychology; University of Aberdeen.Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition
Applying psychological theories to evidence-based clinical practice : identifying factors predictive of lumbar spine x-ray for low back pain in UK primary care practice
(2011) Grimshaw, Jeremy M; Eccles, Martin P; Steen, Nick; Johnston, Marie; Pitts, Nigel B; Glidewell, Elizabeth; Maclennan, Graeme; Thomas, Ruth Elizabeth; Bonetti, Debbie Lee; Walker, Anne Elizabeth; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences
Applying psychological theories to evidence-based clinical practice : Identifying factors predictive of managing upper respiratory tract infections without antibiotics
(2007-08-03) Eccles, Martin P; Grimshaw, Jeremy M; Johnston, Marie; Steen, Nick; Pitts, Nigel B; Thomas, Ruth; Glidewell, Elizabeth; Maclennan, Graeme; Bonetti, Debbie; Walker, Anne; University of Aberdeen.Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition; University of Aberdeen.Psychology; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences
Applying psychological theories to evidence-based clinical practice : identifying factors predictive of placing preventive fissure sealants
(2010-04-08) Bonetti, Debbie; Johnston, Marie; Clarkson, Jan E.; Grimshaw, Jeremy; Pitts, Nigel B.; Eccles, Martin; Steen, Nick; Thomas, Ruth; Maclennan, Graeme; Glidewell, Elizabeth; Walker, Anne Elizabeth; University of Aberdeen.Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition; University of Aberdeen.Psychology; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences
Applying psychological theory to evidence-based clinical practice : identifying factors predictive of managing upper respiratory tract infections without antibiotics
(BioMed Central, 2007-08-03) Eccles, Martin P.; Grimshaw, Jeremy; Johnston, Marie; Steen, Nick; Pitts, Nigel; Thomas, Ruth Elizabeth; Glidewell, Liz; MacLennan, Graeme Stewart; Bonetti, Debbie; Walker, Anne
Background: Psychological models can be used to understand and predict behaviour in a wide range of settings. However, they have not been consistently applied to health professional behaviours, and the contribution of differing theories is not clear. The aim of this study was to explore the usefulness of a range of psychological theories to predict health professional behaviour relating to management of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) without antibiotics. Methods: Psychological measures were collected by postal questionnaire survey from a random sample of general practitioners (GPs) in Scotland. The outcome measures were clinical behaviour (using antibiotic prescription rates as a proxy indicator), behavioural simulation (scenario-based decisions to managing URTI with or without antibiotics) and behavioural intention (general intention to managing URTI without antibiotics). Explanatory variables were the constructs within the following theories: Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), Common Sense Self-Regulation Model (CS-SRM), Operant Learning Theory (OLT), Implementation Intention (II), Stage Model (SM), and knowledge (a non-theoretical construct). For each outcome measure, multiple regression analysis was used to examine the predictive value of each theoretical model individually. Following this 'theory level' analysis, a 'cross theory' analysis was conducted to investigate the combined predictive value of all significant individual constructs across theories. Results: All theories were tested, but only significant results are presented. When predicting behaviour, at the theory level, OLT explained 6% of the variance and, in a cross theory analysis, OLT 'evidence of habitual behaviour' also explained 6%. When predicting behavioural simulation, at the theory level, the proportion of variance explained was: TPB, 31%; SCT, 26%; II, 6%; OLT, 24%. GPs who reported having already decided to change their management to try to avoid the use of antibiotics made significantly fewer scenario-based decisions to prescribe. In the cross theory analysis, perceived behavioural control (TPB), evidence of habitual behaviour (OLT), CS-SRM cause (chance/bad luck), and intention entered the equation, together explaining 36% of the variance. When predicting intention, at the theory level, the proportion of variance explained was: TPB, 30%; SCT, 29%; CS-SRM 27%; OLT, 43%. GPs who reported that they had already decided to change their management to try to avoid the use of antibiotics had a significantly higher intention to manage URTIs without prescribing antibiotics. In the cross theory analysis, OLT evidence of habitual behaviour, TPB attitudes, risk perception, CS-SRM control by doctor, TPB perceived behavioural control and CS-SRM control by treatment entered the equation, together explaining 49% of the variance in intention. Cnclusion: The study provides evidence that psychological models can be useful in understanding and predicting clinical behaviour. Taking a theory-based approach enables the reation of a replicable methodology for identifying factors that predict clinical behaviour. Hwever, a number of conceptual and methodological challenges remain.
Applying psychological theory to evidence-based clinical practice: identifying factors predictive of taking intra-oral radiographs.
(Elsevier, 2006-10) Bonetti, Debbie; Pitts, Nigel; Eccles, Martin P.; Grimshaw, Jeremy; Johnston, Marie; Steen, Nick; Glidewell, Liz; Thomas, Ruth Elizabeth; MacLennan, Graeme Stewart; Clarkson, J.; Walker, Anne
This study applies psychological theory to the implementation of evidence-based clinical practice. The first objective was to see if variables from psychological frameworks (developed to understand, predict and influence behaviour) could predict an evidence-based clinical behaviour. The second objective was to develop a scientific rationale to design or choose an implementation intervention. Variables from the Theory of Planned Behaviour, Social Cognitive Theory, Self-Regulation Model, Operant conditioning, Implementation Intentions and the Precaution Adoption Process were measured, with data collection by postal survey. The primary outcome was the number of intra oral radiographs taken per course of treatment collected from a central fee claims database. Participants were 214 Scottish General Dental Practitioners. At the theory level, the Theory of Planned Behaviour explained 13% variance in the number of radiographs taken, Social Cognitive Theory explained 7%, Operant Conditioning explained 8%, Implementation Intentions explained 11%. Self-regulation and Stage theory did not predict significant variance in radiographs taken. Perceived behavioural control, action planning and risk perception explained 16% of the variance in number of radiographs taken (F(3,160) = 11.33, p<.001). Knowledge did not predict number of radiographs taken. The results suggest an intervention targeting predictive psychological variables could increase the implementation of this evidence-based practice; influencing knowledge is unlikely to. Measures which predicted number of radiographs taken also predicted intention to take radiographs, and intention accounted for significant variance in behaviour (Adjusted R2 = 5%: F (1, 166) = 10.28, p<.01), suggesting intention may be a possible proxy for behavioural data when testing an intervention prior to a service-level trial. Since psychological frameworks incorporate methodologies to measure and change component variables, taking a theory-based approach enabled the creation of a replicable methodology for identifying factors predictive of clinical behaviour and for the design and choice of interventions to modify practice as new evidence emerges.
Applying the behaviour change technique (BCT) taxonomy v1 : a study of coder training
(2015-06) Wood, Caroline E; Richardson, Michelle; Johnston, Marie; Abraham, Charles; Francis, Jill; Hardeman, Wendy; Michie, Susan; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Psychology; University of Aberdeen.Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition
Appropriate disclosure of a diagnosis of dementia : identifying the key behaviours of 'best practice'
(BioMed Central, 2008-05-01) Lecouturier, Jan; Bamford, Claire; Hughes, Julian C .; Francis, Jillian Joy; Foy, Robbie; Eccles, Martin P.; Johnston, Marie
Background: Despite growing evidence that many people with dementia want to know their diagnosis, there is wide variation in attitudes of professionals towards disclosure. The disclosure of the diagnosis of dementia is increasingly recognised as being a process rather than a one-off behaviour. However, the different behaviours that contribute to this process have not been comprehensively defined. No intervention studies to improve diagnostic disclosure in dementia have been reported to date. As part of a larger study to develop an intervention to promote appropriate disclosure, we sought to identify important disclosure behaviours and explore whether supplementing a literature review with other methods would result in the identification of new behaviours. Methods: To identify a comprehensive list of behaviours in disclosure we conducted a literature review, interviewed people with dementia and informal carers, and used a consensus process involving health and social care professionals. Content analysis of the full list of behaviours was carried out. Results: Interviews were conducted with four people with dementia and six informal carers. Eight health and social care professionals took part in the consensus panel. From the interviews, consensus panel and literature review 220 behaviours were elicited, with 109 behaviours over-lapping. The interviews and consensus panel elicited 27 behaviours supplementary to the review. Those from the interviews appeared to be self-evident but highlighted deficiencies in current practice and from the panel focused largely on balancing the needs of people with dementia and family members. Behaviours were grouped into eight categories: preparing for disclosure; integrating family members; exploring the patient's perspective; disclosing the diagnosis; responding to patient reactions; focusing on quality of life and well-being; planning for the future; and communicating effectively. Conclusion: This exercise has highlighted the complexity of the process of disclosing a diagnosis of dementia in an appropriate manner. It confirms that many of the behaviours identified in the literature (often based on professional opinion rather than empirical evidence) also resonate with people with dementia and informal carers. The presence of contradictory behaviours emphasises the need to tailor the process of disclosure to individual patients and carers. Our combined methods may be relevant to other efforts to identify and define complex clinical practices for further study.
Are interventions for low-income groups effective in changing healthy eating, physical activity and smoking behaviours? A systematic review and meta-analysis
(2014) Bull, Eleanor R; Dombrowski, Stephan U; McCleary, Nicola; Johnston, Marie; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition; University of Aberdeen.Psychology
Are processes in acceptance & commitment therapy (Act) related to chronic pain outcomes within individuals over time? : an exploratory study using n-of-1 designs
(2019-12-30) Trompetter, Hester R.; Johnston, Derek W.; Johnston, Marie; Vollenbroek-Hutten, Miriam M.; Schreurs, Karlein M.G.; University of Aberdeen.Psychology; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Health Psychology Group
Are Rurality, Area Deprivation, Access to Outside Space, and Green Space Associated with Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic? : A Cross Sectional Study (CHARIS-E)
(2021-04-07) Hubbard, Gill; Daas, Chantal den; Johnston, Marie; Murchie, Peter; Thompson, Catharine Ward; Dixon, Diane; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Centre for Health Data Science; University of Aberdeen.Grampian Data Safe Haven (DaSH); University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.University of Aberdeen
The Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (v1) of 93 Hierarchically Clustered Techniques : Building an International Consensus for the Reporting of Behavior Change Interventions
(2013-08) Michie, Susan; Richardson, Michelle; Johnston, Marie; Abraham, Charles; Francis, Jill; Hardeman, Wendy; Eccles, Martin P; Cane, James; Wood, Caroline E; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences
Behavior Change Techniques and Their Mechanisms of Action : A Synthesis of Links Described in Published Intervention Literature
(2019-08-01) Carey, Rachel N; Connell, Lauren E.; Johnston, Marie; Rothman, Alexander J.; de Bruin, Marijn; Kelly, Michael P.; Michie, Susan; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences
The Behaviour Change Technique Ontology : Transforming the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1
(2023-07-17) Marques, Marta M; Wright, Alison J; Corker, Elizabeth; Johnston, Marie; West, Robert; Hastings, Janna; Zhang, Lisa; Michie, Susan; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Health Psychology Group; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences
Behaviour change techniques : the development and evaluation of a taxonomic method for reporting and describing behaviour change interventions (a suite of five studies involving consensus methods, randomised controlled trials and analysis of qualitative data)
(2015-11) Michie, Susan; Wood, Caroline E; Johnston, Marie; Abraham, Charles; Francis, Jill J; Hardeman, Wendy; University of Aberdeen.Psychology; University of Aberdeen.Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences
Behaviour change techniques associated with smoking cessation in intervention and comparator groups of randomized controlled trials : A systematic review and meta-regression
(2020-11) Black, Nicola; Johnston, Marie; Michie, Susan; Hartmann-Boyce, Jamie; West, Robert; Viechtbauer, Wolfgang; Eisma, Maarten C; Scott, Claire; de Bruin, Marijn; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Centre for Evaluation; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences