"This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Legrand, D., Cote, J., Fronhofer, E. A., Holt, R. D., Ronce, O., Schtickzelle, N., Travis, J. M. J. and Clobert, J. (2017), Eco-evolutionary dynamics in fragmented landscapes. Ecography, 40: 9–25, which has been published in final form at doi:10.1111/ecog.02537. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."