Considerations and methods for placebo controls in surgical trials (ASPIRE guidelines)

Beard, D J, Campbell, M K, Blazeby, J M, Carr, A J, Weijer, C, Cuthbertson, B H, Buchbinder, R, Pinkney, T, Bishop, F, Pugh, J, Cousins, S, Harris, I, Lohmander, L S, Blencowe, N, Gillies, K, Probst , P, Brennan, C, Cook, A, Farrah-Hockley, D, Savulescu, J, Huxtable, R, Rangan, A, Tracey, I, Brocklehurst, P, Ferreira, M L, Nicholl, J, Reeves, B C, Hamdy, F, Rowley, S C S & Cook, J A 2020, 'Considerations and methods for placebo controls in surgical trials (ASPIRE guidelines)', The Lancet, vol. 395, no. 10226, pp. 828-838. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33137-X