Mills, Maria BMalhi, YadvinderEwers, Robert MKho, Lip KhoonTeh, Yit ArnBoth, SabineBurslem, David F R PMajalap, NoreenNilus, ReubenHuaraca Huasco, WalterCruz, RudiPillco, Milenka MTurner, Edgar CReynolds, GlenRiutta, Terhi2023-02-272023-02-272023-01-17Mills, M B, Malhi, Y, Ewers, R M, Kho, L K, Teh, Y A, Both, S, Burslem, D F R P, Majalap, N, Nilus, R, Huaraca Huasco, W, Cruz, R, Pillco, M M, Turner, E C, Reynolds, G & Riutta, T 2023, 'Tropical forests post-logging are a persistent net carbon source to the atmosphere', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 120, no. 3, e2214462120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.22144621200027-8424ORCID: /0000-0001-6033-0990/work/129953144https://hdl.handle.net/2164/20190Acknowledgments This study was part of the SAFE Project, the Global Ecosystems Monitoring network (gem.tropicalforests.ox.ac.uk) and Imperial College's Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and the Environment Initiative. We acknowledge funding from the Sime Darby Foundation, the Biodiversity And Land-use Impacts on tropical ecosystem function (BALI) Project (NE/K016377/1) within the Natural Environment Research Council Human-Modified Tropical Forests Programme, the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), and Centre for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) in collaboration with HSBC Climate Partnership. The 52-ha Long-Term Ecological Research Project in Lambir is a collaborative project of the Forest Department of Sarawak, Malaysia, the Center for Tropical Forest Science of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, USA (NSF awards DEB- 9107247 and DEB- 9629601), and Osaka City, Ehime & Kyoto Universities, Japan (Monbusho grants 06041094, 08NP0901 and 09NP0901). M.B.M. was supported by NERC studentship awarded through the Central England NERC Training Alliance (CENTA; grant referenceNE/S007350/1) and the University of Leicester, Y.M. was supported by the Jackson Foundation and European Research Council Advanced Investigator Grant, GEM-TRAIT (321131), Y.M., RME, and T.R. by NERC grant NE/P002218/1, and R.M.E. is supported by the NOMIS Foundation. TR also acknowledges support from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 865403). Maliau Basin and Danum Valley Management Committees, Royal Society South East Asia Rainforest Research Partnership (SEARRP), Sabah Foundation, Benta Wawasan, the State Secretary, Sabah Chief Minister’s Departments, Sabah Forestry Department, Sabah Biodiversity Council, and the Economic Planning Unit are acknowledged for their support and access to the sites in Sabah. Rostin Jantan, Rohid Kailoh, Suhaini Patik, Ampat Siliwong, Yehezekiel Jahuri, Robecca Siwaring, Jeffry Amin, Sarah Watson, Ryan Gray, Johnny Larenus, Unding Jami, Toby Marthews, Alexander Karolus, the Danum 50 ha plot team, Sylvester Tan, Xyxtus Tan, Nasir Muhi and Abilano Deres helped with the data collection. We thank Susan Page, Juan Carlos Berrio, Jörg Kaduk and Katie O’Brien for their constructive comments.374998engSDG 13 - Climate ActionSDG 15 - Life on LandEcosystemCarbonTropical ClimateBiomassAtmosphereSoilQH301 BiologySupplementary DataQH301Journal article10.1073/pnas.22144621201203