Denton, EvePrice, David BTran, Trung NCanonica, G WalterMenzies-Gow, AndrewFitzGerald, J MarkSadatsafavi, MohsenPerez de Llano, LuisChristoff, GeorgeQuinton, AnnaRhee, Chin KookBrusselle, GuyUlrik, CharlotteLugogo, NjiraHore-Lacy, FionaChaudhry, IshaBulathsinhala, LakminiMurray, Ruth BCarter, Victoria AHew, Mark2021-07-142021-07-142021-07Denton, E, Price, D B, Tran, T N, Canonica, G W, Menzies-Gow, A, FitzGerald, J M, Sadatsafavi, M, Perez de Llano, L, Christoff, G, Quinton, A, Rhee, C K, Brusselle, G, Ulrik, C, Lugogo, N, Hore-Lacy, F, Chaudhry, I, Bulathsinhala, L, Murray, R B, Carter, V A & Hew, M 2021, 'Cluster analysis of inflammatory biomarker expression in the International Severe Asthma Registry (ISAR)', The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 2680-2688.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2021.02.0592213-2198SCOPUS: 85105297481https://hdl.handle.net/2164/16820Funding Information: Conflicts of interest: D. B. Price has board membership with Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Circassia, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Thermofisher; consultancy agreements with Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Theravance; grants and unrestricted funding for investigator-initiated studies (conducted through Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd) from AstraZeneca , Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Circassia, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Respiratory Effectiveness Group, Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Theravance, UK National Health Service; payment for lectures/speaking engagements from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Cipla, GlaxoSmithKline, Kyorin, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals; payment for the development of educational materials from Mundipharma, Novartis; payment for travel/accommodation/meeting expenses from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Mundipharma, Mylan, Novartis, Thermofisher; funding for patient enrollment or completion of research from Novartis; stock/stock options from AKL Research and Development Ltd, which produces phytopharmaceuticals; owns 74% of the social enterprise Optimum Patient Care Ltd (Australia and UK) and 74% of Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd (Singapore); 5% shareholding in Timestamp, which develops adherence monitoring technology; is peer reviewer for grant committees of the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation Programme programme, and Health Technology Assessment Programme; and was an expert witness for GlaxoSmithKline. T. N. Tran and A. Quinton are employees of AstraZeneca, a cofunder of the International Severe Asthma Registry. M. Sadatsafavi has received honoraria from AstraZeneca for purposes unrelated to the content of this manuscript, and has also received research funding from AstraZeneca directly into his research account from AstraZeneca for unrelated projects. G. W. Canonica has received research grants, as well as lecture or advisory board fees from A. Menarini, Alk-Albello, Allergy Therapeutics, Anallergo, AstraZeneca, MedImmune, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Circassia, Danone, Faes, Genentech, Guidotti Malesci, GlaxoSmithKline, Hal Allergy, Merck, MSD, Mundipharma, Novartis, Orion, Sanofi Aventis, Sanofi, Genzyme/Regeneron, Stallergenes, UCB Pharma, Uriach Pharma, Teva, Thermo Fisher, and Valeas. A. Menzies-Gow has attended advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Sanofi, and Teva, and has received speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Roche, Teva, and Vectura; has participated in research with AstraZeneca for which his institution has been remunerated and has attended international conferences with Teva; had consultancy agreements with AstraZeneca, Sanofi, and Vectura. L. Perez de Llano declares nonfinancial support, personal fees, and grants from Teva ; nonfinancial support and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Esteve, GlaxoSmithKline, Mundipharma, and Novartis; personal fees and grants from AstraZeneca and Chiesi; personal fees from Sanofi; and nonfinancial support from Menairi outside the submitted work. C. K. Rhee declares consultancy and lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Mundipharma, MSD, Novartis, Sandoz, Takeda, and Teva-Handok, and Sanofi. G. Brusselle has received honoraria for lectures from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Teva; is a member of advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Sanofi/Regeneron, and Teva. C. Ulrik reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, GSK, TEVA, Novartis, Chiesi, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Sanofi, ALK-Abello, Orion Pharma, and Actelion, outside the submitted work. N. Lugogo consulted for AstraZeneca and GSK; on protocol committee with AstraZeneca; on advisory board with AstraZeneca, GSK, Sanofi, Novartis, Genentech, and Teva. I. Chaudhry, L. Bulathsinhala, and V. A. Carter are employees of Optimum Patient Care, a cofunder of the International Severe Asthma Registry. M. Hew declares grants and other advisory board fees (made to his institutional employer) from AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Seqirus, for unrelated projects. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. Funding Information: Funding: ISAR is conducted by the Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute, and co-funded by Optimum Patient Care Global Ltd and AstraZeneca.Conflicts of interest: D. B. Price has board membership with Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Circassia, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Thermofisher; consultancy agreements with Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Theravance; grants and unrestricted funding for investigator-initiated studies (conducted through Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd) from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Circassia, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Respiratory Effectiveness Group, Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Theravance, UK National Health Service; payment for lectures/speaking engagements from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Cipla, GlaxoSmithKline, Kyorin, Mylan, Mundipharma, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals; payment for the development of educational materials from Mundipharma, Novartis; payment for travel/accommodation/meeting expenses from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Mundipharma, Mylan, Novartis, Thermofisher; funding for patient enrollment or completion of research from Novartis; stock/stock options from AKL Research and Development Ltd, which produces phytopharmaceuticals; owns 74% of the social enterprise Optimum Patient Care Ltd (Australia and UK) and 74% of Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd (Singapore); 5% shareholding in Timestamp, which develops adherence monitoring technology; is peer reviewer for grant committees of the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation Programme programme, and Health Technology Assessment Programme; and was an expert witness for GlaxoSmithKline. T. N. Tran and A. Quinton are employees of AstraZeneca, a cofunder of the International Severe Asthma Registry. M. Sadatsafavi has received honoraria from AstraZeneca for purposes unrelated to the content of this manuscript, and has also received research funding from AstraZeneca directly into his research account from AstraZeneca for unrelated projects. G. W. Canonica has received research grants, as well as lecture or advisory board fees from A. Menarini, Alk-Albello, Allergy Therapeutics, Anallergo, AstraZeneca, MedImmune, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Circassia, Danone, Faes, Genentech, Guidotti Malesci, GlaxoSmithKline, Hal Allergy, Merck, MSD, Mundipharma, Novartis, Orion, Sanofi Aventis, Sanofi, Genzyme/Regeneron, Stallergenes, UCB Pharma, Uriach Pharma, Teva, Thermo Fisher, and Valeas. A. Menzies-Gow has attended advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Sanofi, and Teva, and has received speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Roche, Teva, and Vectura; has participated in research with AstraZeneca for which his institution has been remunerated and has attended international conferences with Teva; had consultancy agreements with AstraZeneca, Sanofi, and Vectura. L. Perez de Llano declares nonfinancial support, personal fees, and grants from Teva; nonfinancial support and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Esteve, GlaxoSmithKline, Mundipharma, and Novartis; personal fees and grants from AstraZeneca and Chiesi; personal fees from Sanofi; and nonfinancial support from Menairi outside the submitted work. C. K. Rhee declares consultancy and lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Mundipharma, MSD, Novartis, Sandoz, Takeda, and Teva-Handok, and Sanofi. G. Brusselle has received honoraria for lectures from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Teva; is a member of advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Sanofi/Regeneron, and Teva. C. Ulrik reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, GSK, TEVA, Novartis, Chiesi, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Sanofi, ALK-Abello, Orion Pharma, and Actelion, outside the submitted work. N. Lugogo consulted for AstraZeneca and GSK; on protocol committee with AstraZeneca; on advisory board with AstraZeneca, GSK, Sanofi, Novartis, Genentech, and Teva. I. Chaudhry, L. Bulathsinhala, and V. A. Carter are employees of Optimum Patient Care, a cofunder of the International Severe Asthma Registry. M. Hew declares grants and other advisory board fees (made to his institutional employer) from AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Seqirus, for unrelated projects. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors161474689engSevere asthmaBiomarkersImmunoglobulin EFractional exhaled nitric oxideEosinophilsR MedicineRJournal article10.1016/j.jaip.2021.02.05997