Applied Health Sciences (Department)
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Item Effects of vitamin D supplementation on musculoskeletal health : a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis(2018-11-01) Bolland, Mark J.; Grey, Andrew; Avenell, Alison; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Centre for Evaluation; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health SciencesItem How effective are weight-loss interventions for improving fertility in women and men who are overweight or obese? : A systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence(2017-11-01) Best, Damian; Avenell, Alison; Bhattacharya, Siladitya; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Centre for Evaluation; University of Aberdeen.Grampian Data Safe Haven (DaSH)Item Effects of weight loss interventions for adults who are obese on mortality, cardiovascular disease and cancer : a systematic review and meta-analysis(2017-11-14) Ma, Chenhan; Avenell, Alison; Bolland, Mark; Hudson, Jemma; Stewart, Fiona; Robertson, Clare; Sharma, Pawana; Fraser, Cynthia; MacLennan, Graeme; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Centre for Evaluation; University of Aberdeen.Academic Urology Unit; University of Aberdeen.Medical Education; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health SciencesItem Should weight loss and maintenance programmes be designed differently for men? A systematic review of long-term randomised controlled trials presenting data for men and women : The ROMEO project(2016-01) Robertson, Clare; Avenell, Alison; Boachie, Charles; Stewart, Fiona; Archibald, Daryll; Douglas, Flora; Hoddinott, Pat; van Teijlingen, Edwin; Boyers, Dwayne; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Centre for Evaluation; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Health Economics Research Unit; University of Aberdeen.Rowett InstituteItem Systematic review of the clinical and cost effectiveness of cholecystectomy versus observation/conservative management for uncomplicated symptomatic gallstones or cholecystitis(2015-03) Brazzelli, Miriam; Cruickshank, Moira; Kilonzo, Mary; Ahmed, Irfan; Stewart, Fiona; McNamee, Paul; Elders, Andy; Fraser, Cynthia; Avenell, Alison; Ramsay, Craig; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Aberdeen Centre for Evaluation; University of Aberdeen.Medical Education; University of Aberdeen.Health Economics Research UnitItem Identifying active ingredients in complex behavioural interventions for obese adults with obesity-related co-morbidities or additional risk factors for co-morbidities : a systematic review(2012) Dombrowski, Stephan Ulrich; Sniehotta, Falko; Avenell, Alison; Johnston, Marie; MacLennan, Graeme Stewart; Araujo-Soares, Vera; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Psychology; University of Aberdeen.Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health SciencesItem Interventions to achieve long-term weight loss in obese older people(2010-03) Witham, Miles; Avenell, Alison; University of Aberdeen.Other Applied Health Sciences; University of Aberdeen.Institute of Applied Health SciencesItem Does taking vitamin, mineral and fatty acid supplements prevent cognitive decline? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials(Blackwell, 2008) Jia, X; McNeill, G; Avenell, AlisonBackground Observational studies have shown associations between nutritional status and cognition in later life but evidence from intervention studies is unclear. The present study systematically reviewed the evidence on the effect of nutrient supplementation on cognitive function in people aged ≥65 years. Methods Databases including MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched up to 1 September 2006. Randomized controlled trials using at least one kind of vitamin, mineral or omega-3 fatty acid, evaluating standardized neuropsychological test(s), were included. There were no restrictions on participants' baseline nutritional status or cognitive function. Quality assessment and data abstraction were conducted by one author and checked by another. Results Of 4229 articles retrieved, 22 trials (3442 participants) were identified. Many were small, short duration and of poor methodology. Only 16 out of 122 cognitive tests were significantly different between groups. A meta-analysis showed no significant effect of taking B vitamins or antioxidant vitamins on global cognitive function. There was insufficient evidence to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on any cognitive domains. Conclusion There was little evidence of a beneficial effect from taking B vitamins or antioxidant supplements on global cognitive function in later life. Larger-scale randomized controlled trials of longer duration in selected age groups are needed.Item Long-term weight loss effects on all cause mortality in overweight/obese populations(Blackwell, 2007-11) Poobalan, Amudha S; Aucott, Lorna S; Smith, W Cairns S; Avenell, Alison; Jung, Roland; Boom, JohnThis systematic review assesses the long-term effectiveness of weight loss on all cause mortality in overweight/obese people. Medline, Embase and Cinahl were searched (1966–2005). Cohort studies and trials on participants with Body Mass Index ¡Ý25 kg/m2, with weight change and mortality with ¡Ý 2 years follow-up were included finally identifying 11 papers based on 8 studies. There may be gender differences in the benefits for all cause mortality. The impact of weight loss in men on mortality was not clear with some studies indicating weight loss to be detrimental, while a recent cohort study showed benefits, if it were a personal decision. Other studies with no gender separation had similarly mixed results. However, one study indicated that overweight/obese women with obesity related illness, who lost weight intentionally within one year, had significantly reduced mortality rates of 19% -25%. In contrast, studies of overweight/obese diabetics irrespective of gender, showed significant benefit of intentional weight loss on mortality in a metaanalysis, HR=0.75(0.67- 0.83). There is some evidence that intentional weight loss has long-term benefits on all cause mortality for women and more so for diabetics. Long-term effects especially for men are not clear and need further investigation.